한약성분정보는 ‘운곡본초학 수재 한약재의 화학성분 제 2판(김정훈 외, 도서출판 우석, 2016)’의 내용을 발췌 및 정리하여 게시하였습니다. 해당 한약재에 함유된 성분 중 이차대사산물(secondary metabolites)을 주요 골격으로 구분하여 제시하였습니다 (성분의 골격 분류 방법에는 다양한 의견이 존재함을 일러드립니다).

오매(烏梅)류 한약재의 기원 및 유통상황, 한방효능, 형태특징, 감별요점 등은 여기를 참조바랍니다.

written by : Jung-Hoon Kim. Division of Pharmacology, Pusan National Univ.

1. 오매(烏梅): 매실나무(梅) Prunus mume (Siebold) Siebold & Zucc.의반쯤 노랗게 된 열매(果實)를 과육이 까맣게 변할 때까지 저온 건조한 것

1.1. 과실(果實)

① Volatile compounds: benzaldehyde (62.40%), terpinen-4-ol (3.97%), benzyl alcohol (3.97%), hexadecanoic acid (4.55%), valeric acid, isovaleic acid, p-isopropyl methane, trans-/cis-oxoagarol, furaldehyde, agarol, 5-methyl-2-furaldehyde, n-caproic acid, guaiacol, o-/p-cresol, syringol, hexyl acetate, butyl hexanoate, hexyl butyrate, γ-decalactone, β-decalactone, n-hexanol, trans-2-hexenal, n-hexanol, trans-2-hexen-1-ol, cis-3-hexen-1-ol, linalool, α-tepineol, geraniol, tetradecanoic acid

② Organic acids (4~5.5%): citric acid¹, malic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, 3-hydroxy-3-carboxy-3-glutaric acid, 3-hydroxy-3-methoxycarbonyl glutaric acid, levulinic acid

③ Sugar acids: galacturonic acid

④ Phenolic acids: picric acid, benzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid

⑤ Fatty acids: stearate, arachidate, palmitic acid

⑥ Triterpenes: ursolic acid, oleanolic acid

⑦ Flavonoids: rutin, rhamnetin-3-O-rhamnoside, rhamnocitrin-3-O-rhamnoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, leucoanthocyanins, (+)-catechin

⑧ Steroids: campesterol, stigmasterol, cholesterol, △⁵-avenasterol, △⁷-stigmasterol, β-sitosterol

⑨ Cyanides: amygdalin (0.5%), prunasin, cyanogenic glycosides

⑩ Lactones: jasmine lactone

⑪ Lignans: lyoniresinol

⑫ Furfurals: 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde

¹구연산(C₆H₈O₇)을 12.0% 이상을 함유, 음편에서는, 구연산(C₆H₈O₇)을 6.0% 이상 함유 _{[CP 2015]}